Klingon - KLCP - Guidelines

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Klingon - KLCP

Klingon Language Certification Program Guidelines
These are the certification guidelines for the Klingon Language Certification Program. This document is also available as a Microsoft Word document (68 KB).

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
    1.1 Overview
    1.2 Question Format
2. Level I: Hol patlh taghwI', "Beginner"
    2.1 Source
    2.2 Material
    2.3 Sample Questions
3. Level II: Hol patlh ghojwI', "Intermediate"
    3.1 Source
    3.2 Material
    3.3 Sample Questions
4. Level III: Hol patlh po'wI', "Advanced"
    4.1 Source
    4.2 Material
    4.3 Sample Questions
5. Level IV: Grammarian
6. Appendix: Beginner's Vocabulary

Introduction

Overview

This document describes the certification guidelines for the Klingon Language Certification Program (KLCP). The guidelines describe the certification levels awarded by the KLI upon successful completion of certification exams, the language skills that are tested for each certification level, and also will contain sample questions and answers for each level's exam. This document is to be used both as a guide for developing the certification Test Bank, and as a guide to the student who wishes to prepare for the certification exams.

These are testing materials, not educational materials. While this document describes guidelines for the language skills addressed by each level of certification, it does not attempt to teach the student about those language skills.

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Question Format

The questions will either be translation, fill-in-the-blank, or require answers to questions about grammar. An example of each type is provided here.

Translation	1a.	Translate the following sentence:
		SuS'a'mo' pum Sorvetlh
		["That tree fell because of the powerful wind."]
	1b.	Translate the following sentence:
		"The guard chased the prisoner out of the jail."
		[bIghHa'vo' qama' tlha' 'avwI']
Fill-in-the-blank	2a.	Don't speak!
		yIjatlh___
		[-Qo']
	2b.	ya ghaH wo'rIv'e'
		Worf is the __________.
		["tactical officer"]
Grammar	3a.	What is the connotation of using -mey with a noun capable of language?
		[scattered all about]
	3b.	What is the connotation of using a general possessive suffix on a noun capable of language?
		[insult]

In the po'wI' "advanced" tests, there will also be questions on reading comprehension. The test will include a short story, followed by 5 questions about the events described in the story.

In the pab pIn "grammarian" test, the questions take on a different form. The test taker is asked to judge the grammaticality of sentences, and explain any problems in the grammar. The test for this level also includes essay questions.

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Level I: Hol patlh taghwI', "Beginner"

Source

The beginner's test will consist of 20 questions from the following material. The grammar and vocabulary will come exclusively from TKD, and no other sources. For the vocabulary, there is a list of 500 common words from TKD, which all beginners should learn, and the questions in this section of the test will use vocabulary only from this list. See the appendix at the end of these guidelines for the beginner's vocabulary.

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Material

Topic	Source
Syllable stress	TKD 1.3, p. 17
Parts of speech	TKD 2, p. 18
NS1 –'a' augmentative	TKD 3.3.1, p. 21
NS1 –Hom diminutive	TKD 3.3.1, p. 21
NS3 –qoq so-called	TKD 3.3.3, p. 24
NS3 –Hey apparent	TKD 3.3.3, p. 24
NS3 –na' definite	TKD 3.3.3, p. 25
NS4 –wIj my	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –wI' my	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –lIj your	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –lI' your	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –maj our	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –ma' our	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –Daj his/her/its/their	TKD 3.3.4, p. 25
NS4 –vam this	TKD 3.3.4, p. 26
NS4 –vetlh that	TKD 3.3.4, p. 26
NS5 –Daq locative	TKD 3.3.5, p. 27-28
NS5 –vo' from	TKD 3.3.5, p. 28
NS5 –mo' due to, because of	TKD 3.3.5, p. 28
NS5 –'e' topic	TKD 3.3.5, p. 29
Verb prefix jI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix bI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix ma-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix qa-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix vI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix cho-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix mu-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix Da-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix (null)	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
VS1 –'egh self	TKD 4.2.1, p. 35
VS1 –chuq each other	TKD 4.2.1, p. 36
VS2 –nIS need	TKD 4.2.2, p. 36
VS2 –rup ready	TKD 4.2.2, p. 36
VS2 –qang willing	TKD 4.2.2, p. 36
VS2 –beH ready	TKD 4.2.2, p. 36-37
VS2 –vIp afraid	TKD 4.2.2, p. 37
VS3 –choH change	TKD 4.2.3, p. 37
VS3 –qa' again/resume	TKD 4.2.3, p. 37-38
VS4 –moH cause	TKD 4.2.4, p. 38
VS5 –laH ability	TKD 4.2.5, p. 39
VS6 –ba' obviously	TKD 4.2.6, p. 175 (addendum)
VS6 –law' apparently	TKD 4.2.6, p. 40
VS6 –bej certainly	TKD 4.2.6, p. 40
VS6 –chu' clearly/perfectly	TKD 4.2.6, p. 40
VS8 –neS honorific	TKD 4.2.8, p. 43
VS9 –'a' interrogative	TKD 4.2.9, p. 44
Rover –be' negation	TKD 4.3, p. 46
Rover –qu' emphatic	TKD 4.3, p. 48-49
Pronouns	TKD 5.1, p. 51-52
Conjunctions	TKD 5.3, p. 55
Exclamations	TKD 5.5, p. 57
Question chay' how	TKD 6.4, p. 68-70
Question ghorgh when	TKD 6.4, p. 68-70
Question 'ar how many	TKD 6.4, p. 68-70
Question qatlh why	TKD 6.4, p. 68-70

Sample Questions

1.	Instructions	Fill in the blank.
	Question	How many enemies do you see?
		jagh _____ Dalegh
	Answer	'ar
2.	Instructions	Translate the following sentence:
	Question	This door is shut.
	Answer	SoQ lojmItvam
3.	Instructions
	Question	Identify the parts of speech in Klingon.
	Answer	Nouns, verbs, and everything else.

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Level II: Hol patlh ghojwI', "Intermediate"

Source

The Intermediate test will consist of 20 questions drawn from the following material. The grammar and vocabulary will come exclusively from TKD, and no other sources. In this section, questions will use any grammar and vocabulary found in TKD (2nd printing).

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Material

Topic	Source
Compound nouns	TKD 3.2.1, p. 19
VS9 –wI' thing/one which is/does	TKD 3.2.2, p. 19, TKD 4.2.9, p. 44
NS2 –Du' body part plural	TKD 3.3.2, p. 23
NS2 –mey general plural	TKD 3.3.2, p. 23
NS2 –pu' language-user plural	TKD 3.3.2, p. 23
Inherent plurals	TKD 3.3.2, p. 23-24
NS5 –vaD beneficiary	TKD 3.3.5, p. 28, TKD 6.8 p. 180 (addendum)
N1-N2 genitives	TKD 3.4, p. 30
Verb prefix bo-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix che-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix DI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix Du-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix ju-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix lI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix lu-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix nI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix nu-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix pI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix re-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix Sa-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix Su-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix tu-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Verb prefix wI-	TKD 4.1.1, p. 32-34
Imperative verb prefix gho-	TKD 4.1.2, p. 34-35
Imperative verb prefix HI-	TKD 4.1.2, p. 34-35
Imperative verb prefix pe-	TKD 4.1.2, p. 34-35
Imperative verb prefix tI-	TKD 4.1.2, p. 34-35
Imperative verb prefix yI-	TKD 4.1.2, p. 34-35
VS5 –lu' indefinite subject	TKD 4.2.5, p. 38-39
VS7 –ta' accomplished	TKD 4.2.7, p. 41-42
VS7 –taH continuous	TKD 4.2.7, p. 42
VS7 –lI' in progress	TKD 4.2.7, p. 42-43
VS7 –pu' perfective	TKD 4.2.7, p.41
VS9 –mo' due to/because	TKD 4.2.9, p. 175 (addendum)
VS9 –jaj may	TKD 4.2.9, p. 175-176 (addendum)
VS9 –ghach nominalizer	TKD 4.2.9, p. 176 (addendum)
VS9 –chugh if	TKD 4.2.9, p. 43
VS9 –DI' as soon as/when	TKD 4.2.9, p. 43
VS9 –pa' before	TKD 4.2.9, p. 43
VS9 –vIS while	TKD 4.2.9, p. 43-44
VS9 –bogh relative clause	TKD 4.2.9, p. 44, TKD 6.2.3, p. 63-64
VS9 –meH purpose clause	TKD 4.2.9, p. 44, TKD 6.2.4, p. 64-65
Rover –Qo' won't	TKD 4.3, p. 47
Rover –Ha' undo	TKD 4.3, p. 47-48
Adjectives	TKD 4.4, p. 49-50
Numbers	TKD 5.2, p. 52-55
Adverbs	TKD 5.4, p. 55-57, 177-178 (addendum)
Sentences as object	TKD 6.2.5, p. 65-67
Pronouns as "to be"	TKD 6.3, p. 67-68

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Sample Questions

1.	Instructions	Fill in the blank.
	Question	May you die before your children do.
		Heghpa' puqpu'lI' __________.
	Answer	bIHeghjaj
2.	Instructions	Translate the following sentence.
	Question	De' lI'bogh boleghpu''a'?
	Answer	Have you (plural) seen the information that he transmitted?
3.	Instructions	Identify the subject and object indicated by the following prefix
	Question	tu-
	Answer	Subject: you (plural)
		Object: me

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4. Level III: Hol patlh po'wI', "Advanced"

Source

The Advanced test will consist of 30 questions drawn from the following material. In this test, additional canon sources beyond TKD (grammar and vocabulary) will be included. This includes all canon sources listed in the FAQ, including primarily (but not exclusively) Klingon for the Galactic Traveler (KGT), and articles written by Marc Okrand and published in HolQeD.

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Material

The Advanced test will consist of 30 questions: 20 main questions, 5 idioms, and 5 in reading comprehension.

The 20 main questions are presented in the same format as the previous two tests. Each specific issue will not be listed here; instead, examples for each category will be shown.

Main Questions

Grammar and language use post-TKD

Example: nargh 'eb "too late"
Example: NS5 –'e' "topic" used to disambiguate the head noun of a relative clause.

Little-known grammar rules

Example: It is culturally taboo to use the VS2 suffix -vIp with a first-person subject prefix.

Regional variation in grammar

Example: In toasts, the last word is always the verb, except in Sakrej and No'hvadut dialects.

Societal variation in vocabulary

Example: Dargh HIvje' "teacup" (general) vs. tu'lum "teacup" (upper-class only)

Specialized vocabulary

Example: ghe'naQ nIt "Grand Opera"

Idioms

For the questions on idioms, you will be asked to provide the idiomatic interpretation of an expression. For example, pe'vIl bI'chu', "do something all at once."

Reading Comprehension

In the reading comprehension section, you will have a short passage to read in Klingon. The text will be followed by five questions on the subject matter. The questions are written in Klingon, and you will provide your answers in Klingon.

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Sample Questions

1.	Instructions	Translate the following sentence.
	Question	It's too late for you to spit out the poison.
	Answer	nargh tar DatlhISmeH 'eb
2.	Instructions
	Question	Explain the difference between yaS and 'utlh.
	Answer	yaS "officer" vs. 'utlh "officer" (emeritus)
3.	Instructions	Explain the idiomatic interpretation of the following expression.
	Question	pe'vIl bI'chu'
	Answer	Do something all at once

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5. Grammarian

The grammarian test is a little different than the others. The test is in two parts. The first part of test will consist of a collection of sentences, some grammatical, most not. The grammarian will have to provide an explanation of the grammatical details of the sentence, including an explanation for why the sentence may be ungrammatical. There will be 10 questions of this type. The material will cover all known canon sources for Klingon grammar, including issues that may still not be clearly understood.

The second part of the test will be an essay, a written response to an essay question.

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6. Appendix: Beginner's Vocabulary

The following 500 vocabulary items are from TKD. All questions in the Level I: Beginner's exam use vocabulary only from this list. Due to copyright restrictions, only the English translation is included here; please refer to TKD for the Klingon translation.

ability, (n)
accept, (v)
accompany, (v)
accomplish, (v)
accomplishment, (n)
ache, hurt, be sore, (v)
achieve, (v)
achievement, (n)
acquire, obtain, get, (v)
act, take action, (v)
add, (v)
additional one, other one, (n)
admit, (v)
advice, (n)
advise, (v)
afternoon, (n)
alien, foreigner, (n)
allow, permit, (v)
alter, change, (v)
analyze, (v)
animal, (n)
answer, reply, (v)
approach, go away from, proceed, come, follow (a course), (v)
area above, area overhead, (n)
area below, area under, (n)
area beside, area next to, (n)
area between, (n)
arm, (n)
arrive, (v)
ask, (v)
attack, (v)
attempt, try, (v)
bar, saloon, cocktail lounge, (n)
battle, (n)
be a problem, be a hassle, (v)
be absent, (v)
be accomplished, finished, (v)
be advanced, highly developed, (v)
be all gone, (v)
be alone, (v)
be angry, mad, (v)
be bad, (v)
be beautiful, handsome, (v)
be big, (v)
be black, (v)
be boring, (v)
be brave, (v)
be calm, (v)
be careful, (v)
be clean, (v)
be clever, smart, intelligent, (v)
be closed, shut, (v)
be clumsy, (v)
be cold, (v)
be confused, mixed up, (v)
be counterfeit, false, fake, (v)
be crazy, (v)
be dangerous, (v)
be depressed, (v)
be different, (v)
be difficult, (v)
be dirty, (v)
be dishonest, (v)
be drunk, intoxicated, (v)
be dry, (v)
be dull, uninteresting, (v)
be easy, (v)
be enough, sufficient, (v)
be essential, necessary, (v)
be excited, (v)
be expert, skilled, (v)
be famous, well known, (v)
be fat, (v)
be fat, (v)
be few, be several, be a handful, (v)
be final, last, (v)
be fortunate, lucky, (v)
be free, independent, (v)
be frozen, (v)
be funny, (v)
be good, (v)
be green, blue, yellow, (v)
be grouchy, mean, (v)
be happy, (v)
be hard (like a rock, (v)
be healthy, (v)
be heavy, (v)
be honored, (v)
be hot, (v)
be hungry, (v)
be identical, (v)
be impressive, (v)
be inferior, (v)
be interesting, (v)
be lazy, (v)
be light, bright, (v)
be many, (v)
be messy, sloppy, (v)
be nervous, uneasy, (v)
be new, (v)
be old (not new), (v)
be old (not young), (v)
be open, opened, (v)
be orange, red, (v)
be pleased, (v)
be present (not absent), (v)
be proud, (v)
be qualified, (v)
be quiet, (v)
be remote, far, (v)
be responsible, (v)
be right, correct, (v)
be rough, (v)
be sad, (v)
be satisfied, (v)
be serious, (v)
be sharp, (v)
be sick, ill, (v)
be simple, (v)
be small, (v)
be smooth, (v)
be sour, (v)
be special, exceptional, (v)
be strong, (v)
be stupid, (v)
be temporary, (v)
be the same, (v)
be thirsty, (v)
be tired, (v)
be together, (v)
be tough, (v)
be trivial, trifling, unimportant, (v)
be true, (v)
be useful, (v)
be varied, various, (v)
be weak, (v)
be weird, (v)
be wet, (v)
be white, (v)
be wrong, (v)
beam (aboard, (v)
become, (v)
believe, (v)
bend, (v)
betray, (v)
birthday, (n)
bite, (v)
blame, (v)
blood, (n)
board, go aboard, (v)
body, (n)
book, (n)
boot, (n)
borrow, (v)
boss, (n)
boy, (n)
break, (v)
breakfast, (n)
breath, (v)
bring, (v)
brother, (n)
building, structure, (n)
burn, (v)
buy, purchase, (v)
calculate, (v)
calendar, (n)
captain, (n)
care (about, (v)
carry, convey, (v)
cause trouble, (v)
chair, (n)
charming (used only ironically), (excl)
chase, follow, (v)
cheat, (v)
cheek, (n)
chew, (v)
child, offspring, (n)
chocolate, (n)
choose, select, (v)
chronometer, (n)
city, (n)
climb, (v)
close in, get closer, come nearer, (v)
cloud, (n)
communicate, (v)
compete, (v)
computer, (n)
concentrate on, focus on, think only about, (v)
connect, (v)
conquer, (v)
contain (have inside), (v)
control, (v)
cook, (v)
country, countryside, (n)
coward, (n)
cry, (v)
danger, (n)
data, information, (n)
daughter, (n)
day, (n)
debate, (v)
decide, (v)
demand, require, (v)
deny, (v)
depart, (v)
depend on, rely on, (v)
describe, (v)
destroy, (v)
dictionary, (n)
die, (v)
dinner, (n)
disagree, (v)
disappear, vanish, (v)
discourage, (v)
discover, find, observe, notice, (v)
dislike, (v)
dock, (n)
dock, (v)
doctor, physician, (n)
done, (excl)
door, gate, (n)
doubt, (v)
dream, (v)
drink, (v)
drop, (v)
duty station, station, (n)
duty, quest, mission, task, chore, (n)
Earth, (n)
eat, (v)
enemy, (n)
enjoy, (v)
enter, go in, (v)
err, be mistaken, make a mistake, (v)
establish, set up, (v)
everyone, all, everything, (n)
expect, (v)
explain, (v)
face, (n)
fact, (n)
fall, (v)
family, (n)
father, (n)
feed (someone else), (v)
female, woman, (n)
fight, (v)
fill, (v)
finger, (n)
fire, (n)
fire (torpedo, rocket, missile), (v)
fix, repair, (v)
floor, (n)
follow (rules, (v)
food, (n)
fool, (n)
foot, (n)
forehead, (n)
forest, woods, (n)
forget, (v)
friend, (n)
garbage, (n)
gas, (n)
genius, (n)
gift, (n)
girl, (n)
give, (v)
glass (tumbler, (n)
glow, (v)
go, (v)
goal, (n)
good (expressing satisfaction), (excl)
grammar, (n)
grandfather, (n)
group, party, (n)
guard, (v)
gunner, (n)
hand, (n)
hate, detest, (v)
have a hangover, be hung over, (v)
have a headache, (v)
have, possess, (v)
he, she, him, her, (pro)
head, (n)
hear, (v)
helm, (n)
helmsman, (n)
help, aid, (v)
hide, cloak, (v)
history, (n)
home, (n)
honor, (n)
hope, (v)
hour, (n)
hunt, (v)
hurry, (v)
husband, (n)
I, me, (pro)
idea, (n)
identify, (v)
inhabitant, (n)
insult, (v)
intend, mean to, (v)
it, (pro)
jacket, coat, (n)
judge, estimate, (v)
keep something secret, (v)
keep, save, (v)
kill, (v)
Klingon, (n)
knee, (n)
knife, dagger, (n)
know, (v)
label, (v)
lake, (n)
language, (n)
laugh, (v)
lead, guide, (v)
learn, (v)
leave, depart, (v)
leg, (n)
let's go, come on, (excl)
lie, fib, (v)
life, (n)
line, rope, (n)
listen, (v)
live, (v)
look for seek, search for, (v)
loved one, (n)
make peace, (v)
male, man, (n)
manuscript, (n)
meet (for the first time), (v)
meet, encounter, (v)
meeting, (n)
melt, (v)
mind, brain, (n)
minute (of time, (n)
month, (n)
moon, (n)
morning, (n)
mother, (n)
mouth, (n)
name, (n)
navigate, (v)
night, (n)
no, (excl)
no, I won't, I refuse, I disagree, (excl)
nonsense, (n)
nose, (n)
nostril, (n)
nothing, none, (n)
noun, (n)
oath, (n)
occur, happen, (v)
officer, (n)
opinion, (n)
opportunity, (n)
order, command, (v)
paper, (n)
pay attention, concentrate, (v)
pay for, (v)
peace, (n)
period of time, (n)
person (humanoid), (n) (ghot, nuv)
pet, (n)
phenomenon, event, occurrence, (n)
plan, (v)
planet, (n)
pleasure, (n)
practice, train, prepare, (v)
prefer, (v)
present, (v)
press down, (v)
prevent, block, prohibit, (v)
prisoner, (n)
prosper, be prosperous, (v)
protect, (v)
push, (v)
question, interrogate, (v)
rain, (v)
reach, (v)
read, (v)
ready, (excl)
realize, (v)
reason, (n)
receive, (v)
recognize, (v)
recommend, suggest, (v)
regret, (v)
remain, (v)
remember, (v)
remove, take off, (v)
resemble, (v)
respect, (v)
rest, relax, (v)
restaurant, (n)
return, (v)
revenge, (n)
roam, travel, rove, (v)
room, (n)
run, jog, (v)
salute, (v)
scare, (v)
science, (n)
scientist, (n)
scream, cry out, shout, yell, (v)
secret, (n)
see, (v)
sell, (v)
send, (v)
sentence, (n)
sergeant, (n)
serve (a master), (v)
shield, (n)
ship, vessel, (n)
shoe, (n)
shoot, (v)
shot, (n)
show, reveal, (v)
sir, (n)
sister, (n)
sit, (v)
skin, (n)
sky, (n)
sleep, (v)
slit, (v)
so, well, (excl)
soft, (v)
somebody, something, anybody, anything, (n)
somewhere, (n)
son, (n)
source, (n)
speak, say, (v)
stand, (v)
stop, cease, (v)
story, (n)
study, (v)
stuff, (v)
success, (n)
surprise, (v)
surrender, give up, (v)
sword, (n)
system, (n)
take, (v)
take away, (v)
tell the truth, (v)
tell, report, (v)
theory, (n)
there, over there, thereabouts, (n)
they, them, (pro)
they, them, (pro)
thing, (n)
think, (v)
throw away, (v)
today, (n)
tomorrow, (n)
translate, (v)
tree, (n)
tribble, (n)
trouble, (n)
trust, have faith in, (v)
turn, (v)
understand, (v)
use, (v)
verb, (n)
verify, (v)
victory, triumph, (n)
violate, (v)
violation, (n)
visit, (v)
vocabulary, (n)
voice, (n)
vow, swear, (v)
Vulcan, (n)
wait (for), (v)
wake up, cease sleeping, (v)
walk, (v)
want, (v)
war, (n)
warrior, (n)
watch, (v)
water, (n)
we, us, (pro)
weapon, (n)
wear (clothes), (v)
week, (n)
well done, very good, (excl)
wife, (n)
wind, breeze, (n)
wing, (n)
wonder, (v)
word, (n)
work, function, succeed, (v)
work, toil, (v)
wound, (v)
write, (v)
year, (n)
yes, true, (excl)
yes, true, (excl)
yesterday, (n)
you, (pro)
you (plural), (pro)

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Last modified: Sunday, February 10, 2002